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When were Silver Trumpets blown?
When was the Ram's Horns blown?
There are various words used to describe the trumpets. So it is helpful to
define these.
Strong's References:
- H2689 - a trumpet (from its sundered or quavering note)
- H7782 - shofar or shophar - clear sound or curved horn
rams horn?
- H8643 - from 7321 - clamor, ie acclamation (joy or
battle-cry), alarm, signal, shout,
sound of tempest, blast of war.
- H3104 - apparently from H2986; the blast of a horn
(from its continuous sound); specifically,
the signal of the silver trumpets; hence,
the instrument itself and the festival thus
introduced:- Jubilee, ram's horn, trumpet.
[NB: The Strong's definition is in
error when it makes reference to
the 'signal of the silver trumpets'.
The KJV translates this Hebrew word
as 'Jubilee' 21 times, as 'rams horn'
5 times and as 'trumpet' 1 time.
In Exod 19:13 (the only instance
where it is translated 'trumpet')
we have Exod 19:16 subsequently
defining this trumpet as the 'shofar'.
So, Strong's H3104 is never used to
refer to the two silver trumpets! ]
THE TWO SILVER TRUMPETS
It was ordered that two silver trumpets were to be made.
Num 10:1 And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
:2 Make two silver trumpets (H2689) for yourself;
you shall make them of hammered work; ...
The silver trumpets were used as follows.
- Blown twice to cause the gathering of all the congregation.
- Blown once to cause the gathering of just the leaders.
- The sounding of the advance/movement of the camps.
- When going to war in your land against an oppressing army
(So as to be remembered by God.)
- On the Day of Gladness blow the trumpets,
i.e. Passover 14th day.
- On the appointments of you.
The appointments are mentioned in Leviticus chapter 23.
- At the beginning ('head of') of the ceremonial 'New Moons' (ie,
the six annual 'no servile work' days (partial Sabbath rest days)
which are mentioned in Leviticus chapter 23.
[NB: 1) Unfortunately many do not realise 'New Moon' days were
the ceremonial New Moon days and not the actual days
which initiated each of the calendar months.
2) The Day of Atonement requires a full Sabbath rest
- so it is not a ceremonial 'New Moon' day. ]
Num 10:2 ... you shall use them for calling the congregation
and for directing the movement of the camps.
:3 When they blow both of them, all the congregation
shall gather before you at the door of the tabernacle
of meeting.
:4 But if they blow only one, then the leaders, the
heads of the divisions of Israel, shall gather to you.
:5 When you sound the advance, the camps that lie on the
east side shall then begin their journey.
:6 When you sound the advance the second time, then camps
that lie on the south side shall begin their journey;
they shall sound the call for them to begin their
journeys.
:7 And when the assembly is to be gathered together, you
shall blow, but not sound the advance.
:8 The sons of Aaron, the priests, shall blow the
trumpets; and these shall be to you as an ordinance
forever throughout your generations.
:9 When you go to war in your land against the enemy
who oppresses you, then you shall sound an alarm with
the trumpets, and you will be remembered before the
Lord your God, and you will be saved from your enemies.
:10 Also in the day of your gladness, in your appointed
feasts, and at the beginning of your months (New Moons),
you shall blow the trumpets (H2689) over your burnt
offerings and over the sacrifices of your peace
offerings; and they shall be a memorial for you before
your God: I am the Lord your God.
Numbers 10:10 lists three occasions;
1) The 14th Passover,
2) The appointments (listed in Leviticus chapter 23), and
3) The ceremonial 'New Moons'.
There initially appears to be significant overlap with these criteria.
For example Passover is listed in Leviticus chapter 23. Leviticus 23
also lists the ceremonial New Moon days.
The explanation is that the Leviticus appointments were occasions that
were celebrated at sunset. For these appointments, reference was only
being made to the trumpets being blown over the evening offerings.
Upon these days (the 14th Passover and the six ceremonial New Moon
days) the silver trumpets were also to be blown in the morning!
THE MORNING - SILVER TRUMPETS
Silver trumpets were blown twice early in the morning on the
following days.
- Passover (temple Passover) - 14th first month
- first day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread - 15th first month
- seventh day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread - 21st first month
- Feast of Weeks - varies third month
- Day of Trumpets - 1st seventh month
- first day of the Feast of Tabernacles - 15th seventh month
- Last Day - 22nd seventh month
Firstly over the morning burnt offerings and then again over
the subsequent morning peace offerings.
[NB: Burnt offerings were to be first burnt on the altar.
Then the Peace offerings, Lev 3:1-5. The fire of this
altar was not to go out, Lev 6:12-13.]
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NB: The Silver trumpets would have been heard only in (or around)
Jerusalem.
Confirms they were to blown over the offerings.
2Chr 29:27 Then Hezekiah commanded them to offer the burnt offering
on the altar. And when the burnt offering began, the song
of the Lord also began, with the trumpets (H2689) and
with the instruments of David king of Israel.
The silver trumpets were also known as the signal trumpets.
Num 31:6 Then Moses sent them to the war, one thousand from each
tribe; he sent them to the war with Phinehas the son of
Eleazar the priest, with the holy articles and the signal
trumpets (H2689) in his hand.
The silver trumpets were to be blown by the sons of Aaron, ie the priests.
Num 10:8 The sons of Aaron, the priests, shall blow the trumpets
(H2689); and these shall be to you as an ordinance
forever throughout your generations.
1Chr 16:6 Benaiah and Jahaziel the priests regularly blew the
trumpets(H2689) before the ark of the covenant of God.
Another verse indicating the priests blew these trumpets.
Trumpeters were standing by the king.
2Kin 11:14 When she looked, there was the king standing
by a pillar according to custom; and the
leaders and the trumpeters (H2689) were by
the king. All the people of the land were
rejoicing and blowing trumpets (H2689).
So Athaliah tore her clothes and cried out,
"Treason! Treason!"
THE RAM'S HORN
1) At the time of a particular New Moon.
Psa 81:3 Blow (H8628) the trumpet (shofar) at the new moon,
(NASB) At the full moon, on our feast day.
Psa 81:3 Blow up the trumpet in the new moon, in the
(KJV) time appointed, on our solemn feast day.
NB: 1) Notice the difference, 'full moon' in NASB and in
many other translations, but 'time appointed' in
the KJV translation.
2) The word here for 'blow' is H8628 and means to
make a 'clang', a noise.
To which of the festival days is this verse alluding?
The following verses discuss a specific day.
Lev 23:24 Speak to the children of Israel, saying: 'In the seventh
month, on the first day of the month, you shall have a
sabbath-rest, a memorial of blowing (H8643) of trumpets,
a holy convocation.
Num 29:1 And in the seventh month, on the first day of the month,
you shall have a holy convocation. You shall do no
customary work. For you it is a day of blowing (H8643)
the trumpets.
NB: For both these verses the word 'trumpets'
is not present in the Hebrew text.
The shofar was to be blown on the ceremonial New Moon day which
was observed on the 1st day of the 7th month.
2) With the Approaching of the Year of Jubilee.
Lev 25:9 Then you shall cause the trumpet (shofar) of the
Jubilee (H8643 - "blast") to sound on the tenth day
of the seventh month; on the Day of Atonement you
shall make the trumpet (shofar) to sound throughout
all your land.
:10 And you shall consecrate the fiftieth year, and
proclaim liberty throughout all the land to all
its inhabitants. It shall be a Jubilee for you;
and each of you shall return to his possession,
and each of you shall return to his family.
Verse 10 states 'consecrate the fiftieth year'. This indicates that they
are 'setting apart' the following year as special.
RAM'S HORN - CEREMONIAL
Annually:
- Day of Trumpets - 1st seventh month
Prior to the Jubilee Year:
- Day of Atonement - 10th seventh month
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The text of Leviticus 25 is clearly implying the existence of an
'agricultural year'. A year which begins prior to the sowing of the
grain and ends some time after the gathering of the grapes.
The existence of such a 'year' is also implied by the following verses.
These verses place the 7th month festival at the end of such a year.
Exod 23:16 and the Feast of Harvest, the firstfruits of your
labors which you have sown in the field; and the
Feast of Ingathering at the end of the year, when
you have gathered in the fruit of your labors
from the field.
Exod 34:22 "And you shall observe the Feast of Weeks,
of the firstfruits of wheat harvest, and the
Feast of Ingathering at the year's end."
[NB: The Feast of Ingathering is another name for
the Feast of Tabernacles. The festival held
in the seventh month. ]
There is a lack of a clear starting point for the agricultural year.
However, it is clear that its beginning is associated with the sowing
of the grain. This occurring some time after 7th month festival (to
ensure the grain harvest would be ready for harvesting in Spring).
There appears to be no set months specified for this 'agricultural
year'.
[ NB: The Jewish teaching that the 'second form' of year
started with the beginning of the 7th month is
without any Scriptural support. ]
TIMES THE 'SHOFAR' WAS HEARD
At Mt Sinai.
Exod 19:13 ... When the trumpet (H3104) sounds long, they shall
come near the mountain.
19:16 Then it came to pass on the third day, in the morning,
that there were thunderings and lightnings, and a
thick cloud on the mountain; and the sound of the
trumpet (shofar) was very loud, so that all the people
who were in the camp trembled.
[NB: This 'third day' occurs after;
1) Moses goes up the mountain to talk to God,
2) Moses calls for the elders and presents the
agreement before them,
3) Moses advises God the elders have agreed,
and
4) After the passing of a further two days.
Refer Exodus 19:3-11.
It is quite possible that the 'third day'
does not occur until the seventh month. ]
At Jericho. (Plural usage.)
Josh 6:4 "And seven priests shall bear seven trumpets (shofars)
of rams' horns (H3104) before the ark. But the seventh
day you shall march around the city seven times, and
the priests shall blow the trumpets (shofars).
:5 It shall come to pass, when they make a long blast
with the ram's horn (H3104), and when you hear the
sound of the trumpet (shofar), that all the people
shall shout with a great shout; then the wall of the
city will fall down flat. And the people shall go up
every man straight before him."
Josh 6:8 So it was, when Joshua had spoken to the people, that
the seven priests bearing the seven trumpets (shofars)
of rams' horns (H3104) before the Lord advanced and
blew the trumpets (shofars), and the ark of the
covenant of the Lord followed them.
When Ehud subdued Moab.
Judg 3:27 And it happened, when he (Ehud) arrived, that he blew
the trumpet (shofar) in the mountains of Ephraim, and
the children of Israel went down with him from the
mountains; and he led them.
At the time of Gideon's (Jerubbaal's) triumph with 300 men.
Judg 6:34 But the Spirit of the LORD came upon Gideon; then he
blew the trumpet (shofar), and the Abiezrites gathered
behind him.
7:22 When the three hundred blew the trumpets (shofars),
the Lord set every man's sword against his companion
throughout the whole camp; and the army fled to Beth
Acacia, toward Zererah, as far as the border of Abel
Meholah, by Tabbath.
Saul, in the second year after being anointed by Samuel (after having
been formally crowned king), organised an attack against the Philistines.
1Sam 13:3 And Jonathan attacked the garrison of the Philistines
that was in Geba, and the Philistines heard of it.
Then Saul blew the trumpet (shofar) throughout all
the land, saying, "Let the Hebrews hear!
[NB: An obvious reference to the start of
a Jubilee year. ]
After the death of Saul and the crowning of Saul's son Ishbosheth.
During conflict between the armies of David and Ishbosheth.
2Sam 2:27 And Joab said, "As God lives, unless you had spoken,
surely then by morning all the people would have
given up pursuing their brethren."
:28 So Joab blew a trumpet (shofar), and all the people
stood still, and pursued after Israel no more,
neither fought they any more.
When the ark of the covenant was brought to Jerusalem.
2Sam 6:15 So David and all the house of Israel brought up the
ark of the Lord with shouting and with the sound of
the trumpet (shofar).
1Chr 15:28 Thus all Israel brought up the ark of the covenant
of the Lord with shouting and with the sound of the
horn (shofar), with trumpets (H2689) and with cymbals,
making music with stringed instruments and harps.
When Absalom rebelled against David.
2Sam 15:10 Then Absalom sent spies throughout all the tribes
of Israel, saying, "As soon as you hear the sound
of the trumpet (shofar), then you shall say,
'Absalom reigns in Hebron!'"
Also at the time of Absalom's death.
2Sam 18:16 So Joab blew the trumpet (shofar),
and the people returned from pursuing
Israel. For Joab held back the people.
And the subsequent rebellion of Sheba.
2Sam 20:1 And there happened to be there a rebel,
whose name was Sheba the son of Bichri,
a Benjamite. And he blew a trumpet,
(shofar) and said: "We have no share
in David, nor do we have inheritance
in the son of Jesse; every man to his
tents, O Israel!"
:22 Then the woman in her wisdom went to
all the people. And they cut off the
head of Sheba the son of Bichri, and
threw it out to Joab. Then he blew a
trumpet (shofar), and they withdrew
from the city, every man to his tent.
So Joab returned to the king at
Jerusalem.
At the anointing of King Solomon (while David still living).
1Kin 1:39 Then Zadok the priest took a horn of oil from the
tabernacle and anointed Solomon. And they blew
the horn (shofar), and all the people said,
"Long live King Solomon!"
Jehu declared King of Israel.
2Kin 9:13 Then they hurried, and each man took his garment
and put it under him on the bare steps, and blew
the trumpet (shofar), saying, "Jehu is king!"
(NASB)
Asa's covenant renewal at Jerusalem (month the third, year fifteen).
2Chr 15:14 Then they took an oath before the LORD with a
loud voice, with shouting and trumpets (H2689)
and rams' horns (shofars).
Repair of the wall of Jerusalem.
Neh 4:18 Every one of the builders had his sword girded at
his side as he built. And the one who sounded the
trumpet (shofar) was beside me.
:20 "Wherever you hear the sound of the trumpet,
(shofar) rally to us there. Our God will fight
for us."
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